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Antibody-based therapy of human leukemia
Eneida R Nemecek1, Dana C Matthews
1Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Fellow, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA. enemecek@fhcrc.org
Current Opinion in Hematology
|June 4, 2002
Summary
Monoclonal antibodies target leukemia cells using antigens like CD33, CD45, and CD52. Current clinical trials explore their effectiveness in treating various leukemias, often combined with chemotherapy or radioisotopes for enhanced outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Immunology
- Oncology
Background:
- Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are utilized for targeted leukemia therapy.
- Specific myeloid antigens (CD33, CD45, CD66) and B-cell antigens (CD52, CD20) are key targets.
- mAbs are employed alone or conjugated with chemotherapy agents or radioisotopes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current clinical trials on monoclonal antibody therapy for leukemia.
- To highlight the efficacy of different antibody targets in leukemia management.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent clinical trials involving monoclonal antibodies in leukemia treatment.
- Analysis of antibody conjugates (chemotherapy, radioisotopes) and unconjugated antibodies.
- Focus on antibodies targeting CD33, CD45, CD66, CD52, and CD20 antigens.
Main Results:
- Anti-CD33 antibodies show efficacy in acute myeloid leukemia, especially when conjugated.
- Anti-CD45 antibodies exhibit antileukemic effects, with or without radioiodine conjugation.
- Antibodies targeting CD66, CD52, and CD20 are under investigation for myeloid and B-cell leukemias.
Conclusions:
- Monoclonal antibodies are a significant therapeutic strategy in leukemia management.
- Targeted delivery via antibodies, particularly when conjugated, enhances treatment efficacy.
- Ongoing clinical trials continue to refine the use of mAbs in leukemia therapy.