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Orthodontics and temporomandibular disorder: a meta-analysis
Myung-Rip Kim1, Thomas M Graber, Marlos A Viana
1Department of Orthodontics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Summary
This meta-analysis found no evidence that traditional orthodontic treatment, including braces or extractions, increases the risk of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Further research needs a standardized diagnostic system for TMD.
Area of Science:
- Dental research
- Orthodontics
- Evidence-based healthcare
Background:
- Meta-analysis is increasingly vital in medical and dental fields.
- Understanding the link between orthodontic treatments and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between traditional orthodontic treatment and the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
- To analyze data based on appliance type and extraction history in relation to TMD.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search identified 31 relevant studies (18 cross-sectional, 13 longitudinal) from 960 articles.
- Data were extracted and categorized by study design, symptoms, signs, and indexes.
Main Results:
- Severe heterogeneity among studies precluded further statistical analysis.
- Results were summarized qualitatively due to variations in diagnostic systems and TMD presentation.
Conclusions:
- Current data do not suggest that traditional orthodontic treatment elevates the prevalence of TMD.
- A need for a reliable and valid diagnostic classification system for TMD is highlighted for future research.