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Related Experiment Videos

Primary varicella after transplantation.

Claire A Scanlon-Kohlroser1, Pang-Yen Fan, William Primack

  • 1Division of Renal Medicine and Transplantation Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School and Fallon Clinic, Worcester, MA, USA.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
|June 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary

A renal transplant recipient experienced a mild case of primary varicella-zoster (chickenpox) infection, potentially due to exposure to a vaccinated child. This case raises questions about varicella vaccination strategies for transplant patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Transplant Medicine

Background:

  • Primary varicella-zoster (VZ) infection poses a risk to immunocompromised individuals, including organ transplant recipients.
  • Renal transplant recipients are particularly vulnerable due to long-term immunosuppression.
  • The potential for attenuated vaccine-type VZ virus transmission from vaccinated contacts warrants consideration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of mild primary varicella-zoster virus infection in a renal transplant recipient.
  • To explore the potential role of vaccine-type VZ virus in the attenuated illness.
  • To raise important questions regarding varicella vaccination protocols for transplant candidates and recipients.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 51-year-old female renal transplant recipient.

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  • Detailed clinical history including recent household contact with a child vaccinated with live attenuated varicella vaccine.
  • Clinical observation of a mild primary varicella-zoster illness.

    • Main Results:

    • The patient developed a mild case of primary varicella-zoster infection 6 months post-renal transplant.
    • The limited illness is hypothesized to be due to infection with vaccine-type VZ virus.
    • The patient had recent household contact with a child recently immunized with live attenuated varicella vaccine.

    Conclusions:

    • This case suggests that exposure to vaccine-type VZ virus may lead to attenuated primary varicella in naive renal transplant recipients.
    • Further investigation is needed on the safety and efficacy of varicella vaccination in renal transplant recipients and their close contacts.
    • Current recommendations for pediatric and immunocompromised patients may offer guidance in the absence of specific clinical trials for transplant populations.