[Metabolic factors in school children population associated with adult cardiovascular mortality. Four provinces'
Carmen Garcés1, Miguel Angel Lasunción, Henar Ortega
1Unidad de Lípidos, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
Insights
Children in Spanish provinces with high ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality show increased weight, obesity, and higher plasma glucose and triglyceride levels. These early-life metabolic differences may predict adult cardiovascular disease risk.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology
- Metabolic Health
Background:
- Early-life environmental factors are implicated in adult cardiovascular disease.
- This study investigates anthropometric and biochemical markers in 6-7-year-old children across Spanish provinces with varying ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess anthropometric and biochemical differences in children from high-IHD versus low-IHD mortality regions.
- To explore potential early-life indicators of cardiovascular disease risk.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional survey of 1,255 children (aged 6-7 years) from four Spanish provinces.
- Analysis of weight, body mass index (BMI), obesity prevalence, plasma glucose, and lipid levels.
Main Results:
- Children from high-IHD mortality provinces exhibited significantly greater weight, BMI, and obesity prevalence compared to those from low-IHD mortality provinces.
- Elevated plasma glucose, triglyceride, and apo A-I levels were observed in children from high-IHD mortality regions.
Conclusions:
- Significant metabolic differences, including higher overweight/obesity and altered glucose/lipid profiles, exist in children from high coronary artery disease mortality provinces.
- These pediatric metabolic alterations may contribute to disparities in adult IHD mortality.
Background:
Environmental factors in early stages of life may contribute to adult cardiovascular disease. We have examined certain anthropometric and biochemical variables in children aged 6-7 years from four Spanish provinces with high differences in mortality due to ischemic heart disease (IHD).
Patients And Method:
We performed a cross-sectional survey of 1,255 children (50.3% males) attending schools in Cádiz and Murcia provinces with a relatively high IHD mortality and Madrid and Orense provinces with a relatively low IHD mortality. Weight, body mass index (BMI) and prevalence of obesity were analyzed, and plasma glucose and lipid levels were measured by standardized methods.
Results:
Compared with children in the two low-IHD-mortality provinces, those in the two high-IHD-mortality provinces had greater weight (p < 0.05) and BMI (p < 0.01) and higher prevalence of obesity (p < 0.01). Moreover, they had significantly higher (p < 0.01) plasma glucose, triglyceride and apo A-I levels.
Conclusions:
The higher prevalence of overweight and obesity, along with higher plasma glucose and triglyceride levels, in provinces with high coronary artery disease mortality indicates that children from these provinces are metabolically different from those in provinces with low coronary artery disease mortality. These alterations may thus contribute to the different IHD mortality in adulthood.
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