1Science and Engineering, Winona State University, 203A Stark Hall, Winona, MN 55987, USA. ydemirel@winina.msus.edu
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics provides a framework for understanding energy conversion and transport in living cells. This review highlights its application in bioenergetics, detailing methods for analyzing coupled chemical reactions and transport processes.
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2026-07-10T14:56:43.857080+00:00