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Related Experiment Videos

Molecular control of cortical dendrite development.

Kristin L Whitford1, Paul Dijkhuizen, Franck Polleux

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. kwhit@jhmi.edu

Annual Review of Neuroscience
|June 8, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Extracellular signals guide neuronal development, influencing dendritic morphology and synaptic connections in the cerebral cortex. These signals are crucial for proper brain connectivity and function.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Dendritic morphology is critical for neuronal information processing.
  • Dendrites receive input, process synaptic information via spines, and transmit signals to the soma.
  • Mature dendritic morphology relies on coordinated extracellular factor actions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss evidence on extracellular factors regulating dendritic development in the cerebral cortex.
  • To highlight the role of specific signals like Sema3A, neurotrophic factors, and Notch.
  • To examine the influence of synaptic activity on dendritic spine formation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on dendritic development.
  • Focus on extracellular signaling pathways.

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  • Analysis of factors influencing dendritic growth, branching, and spine stabilization.

    • Main Results:

    • Neurons extend apical dendrites toward the pial surface, guided by Sema3A chemoattraction.
    • Neurotrophic factors and Notch signaling regulate dendritic growth and branching.
    • Synaptic activity patterns influence dendritic spine formation and stabilization postnatally.

    Conclusions:

    • Extracellular signals are pivotal in regulating all facets of dendritic development.
    • These signals critically influence cortical connectivity and neuronal function.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is key to comprehending brain development and disorders.