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Related Experiment Videos

Evolving pathophysiologic models of functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Emeran A Mayer1, Stephen M Collins

  • 1CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, UCLA Division of Digestive Diseases and Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles, California 90073, USA. emayer@ucla.edu

Gastroenterology
|June 11, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Functional gastrointestinal disorders lack biological markers, prompting the review of conceptual and animal models. These models explore enhanced neural and immune responses contributing to symptoms like irritable bowel syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are primarily defined by symptoms, lacking established biological markers.
  • A significant gap exists in animal models for testing FGID pathophysiologic hypotheses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review recently proposed conceptual and animal models for functional gastrointestinal disorders.
  • To synthesize current understanding of FGID mechanisms and relevant preclinical models.

Main Methods:

  • Review of proposed conceptual models of FGIDs.
  • Analysis of existing and emerging animal models for FGIDs.
  • Categorization of animal models based on stimulus type (central vs. peripheral) and timing (neonatal vs. adult).

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Converging conceptual models suggest enhanced neural, immune, or neuroimmune circuit responsiveness to perturbations.
  • This enhanced responsiveness can lead to dysregulated gut motility, epithelial function, and visceral hypersensitivity, causing FGID symptoms.
  • Proposed animal models mimic key features of conceptual models, triggered by central or peripheral stimuli, with effects that can be permanent or transient.

Conclusions:

  • Conceptual models offer plausible mechanisms for FGID symptom generation, aligning with epidemiological and pathophysiological data.
  • Recently developed animal models show promise in recapitulating FGID features.
  • Future research should focus on refining existing and developing novel animal models using advanced techniques (e.g., transgenic animals) and validating their predictive capacity with drug responsiveness.