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Localized bladder cancer.

J I Izawa1, H B Grossman

  • 1Department of Urology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 110, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Current Treatment Options in Oncology
|June 12, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) management depends on cancer stage. Superficial TCC may be treated with surgery or intravesical therapies like bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), while advanced cases may require radical cystectomy.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) constitutes 90% of bladder cancers.
  • Accurate diagnosis and staging are crucial for localized TCC management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the management strategies for localized transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder.
  • To detail therapeutic options based on tumor stage and prognostic factors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for bladder TCC.
  • Classification of TCC based on invasiveness (superficial, lamina propria invasive, carcinoma in situ).

Main Results:

  • Noninvasive papillary TCC is treated with transurethral resection.
  • Intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy or chemotherapy is used for lamina propria invasive tumors and carcinoma in situ to reduce recurrence and progression.
  • Radical cystectomy is the treatment of choice for TCC refractory to endoscopic procedures and intravesical agents or for disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Treatment decisions for bladder TCC are guided by histologic factors and staging.
  • A range of therapies, from minimally invasive procedures to radical surgery, are employed based on disease characteristics.
  • Effective management of TCC involves a stepwise approach tailored to individual patient and tumor factors.

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