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Pericardial mesothelioma

W T Vigneswaran1, P R Stefanacci

  • 1Loyola University Medical Center Chicago and Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.

Current Treatment Options in Oncology
|June 12, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Primary pericardial mesothelioma is a rare, lethal cancer. Complete surgical removal offers the best chance for long-term survival, though diagnosis is often delayed and treatments are limited.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cardiovascular Surgery

Background:

  • Primary pericardial mesothelioma is an exceptionally rare and aggressive malignancy.
  • Fewer than 150 cases are documented in medical literature.
  • Diagnosis is frequently incidental, occurring post-mortem or during surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic strategies for primary pericardial mesothelioma.
  • To highlight the prognostic factors influencing patient outcomes.
  • To explore potential future treatment directions based on advancements in related malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of reported cases of primary pericardial mesothelioma.
  • Analysis of clinical signs, symptoms, and diagnostic methods.
  • Evaluation of surgical and non-surgical treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Nonspecific symptoms often mimic other cardiac conditions, delaying diagnosis.
  • Surgical resection is the primary treatment, with long-term survival possible for localized, completely resected tumors.
  • Tumor invasion into cardiac structures frequently renders complete resection impossible, limiting treatment to palliative care.

Conclusions:

  • Complete surgical resection is crucial for favorable prognoses in primary pericardial mesothelioma.
  • Current adjuvant therapies (chemotherapy, radiation) have shown limited efficacy.
  • Emerging treatments for malignant pleural mesothelioma may offer future therapeutic avenues for pericardial mesothelioma.

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