Monolithic stationary phases for liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography

Area of Science:

• Chromatography
• Analytical Chemistry
• Materials Science

Background:

• Monolithic stationary phases are continuous porous structures formed within column tubing.
• They are functionalized to create sorbents with specific chromatographic binding properties.
• These phases have gained significant attention in liquid chromatography (LC) and capillary electrochromatography (CEC).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the preparation methods of monolithic stationary phases.
• To discuss their characterization techniques and diverse applications.
• To briefly outline the limitations and disadvantages of monolithic stationary phases.

Main Methods:

• In situ polymerization or consolidation within column tubing.
• Surface functionalization to achieve desired chromatographic properties.
• Review of existing literature on preparation, characterization, and applications.

Main Results:

• Monolithic stationary phases exhibit simple preparation and excellent performance, particularly for biopolymer separation.
• They offer unique properties suitable for advanced chromatographic techniques.
• The review consolidates information on their synthesis and utility.

Conclusions:

• Monolithic stationary phases are a promising technology in chromatography.
• Their straightforward preparation and effectiveness, especially for biopolymers, warrant further investigation.
• Understanding their limitations is crucial for optimizing their use in LC and CEC.