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Related Concept Videos

The Blood-brain Barrier00:49

The Blood-brain Barrier

Overview
Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Isolation of Primary Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells
08:14

Isolation of Primary Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Published on: November 14, 2014

[Regulation of brain microvessel function].

Hideyuki Kobayashi1, Hiroki Yokoo, Toshihiko Yanagita

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Miyazaki Medical College, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan. hkobayas@post.miyazaki-med.ac.jp

Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Folia Pharmacologica Japonica
|June 14, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain microvessels form the blood-brain barrier, regulating solute transport via specific transporters. Their regulation offers potential strategies for treating brain disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Vascular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Brain microvessels, comprising specialized endothelium, act as the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
  • Endothelial cells are connected by tight junctions, controlling solute passage between blood and brain.
  • Key transporters include GLUT1 (glucose), aquaporin-4 (water), and p-glycoprotein (xenobiotics).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structure and function of brain microvessels.
  • To highlight the role of transporters and tight junction proteins.
  • To explore regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on brain microvessel biology.
  • Analysis of transporter expression and function.
  • Investigation of regulatory pathways involving nerve activity and peptides.

Main Results:

  • Brain microvessels express specific transporters (GLUT1, aquaporin-4, p-glycoprotein) and tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-5).
  • Transporter activity is modulated by adrenergic nerve activity and adrenomedullin.
  • Tight junctions are crucial for maintaining BBB integrity.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding brain microvessel transport mechanisms is key.
  • Regulation of transporter activity and expression presents therapeutic avenues.
  • Potential applications include prophylaxis and treatment of neurological and cerebrovascular diseases, brain aging, and developmental abnormalities.