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Rotavirus and enteric pathogens in infantile diarrhoea in Manipal, South India

Mamatha Ballal1, P G Shivananda

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|June 14, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus and bacterial pathogens cause significant acute diarrheal illness in children under five. Bacterial agents, particularly E. coli, were more prevalent than rotavirus in pediatric diarrhea cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Acute diarrheal illness remains a major health concern in young children globally.
  • Understanding the specific etiological agents is crucial for effective treatment and prevention strategies.
  • Rotavirus and various bacterial pathogens are commonly implicated in pediatric diarrhea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the etiological agents of acute diarrheal illness in children aged 0-5 years.
  • To determine the prevalence of Rotavirus and bacterial infections in pediatric diarrhea cases.
  • To identify age-specific patterns of different pathogens causing diarrhea.

Main Methods:

  • A 5-year prospective study was conducted on children admitted to Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Manipal.
  • Fecal samples were analyzed for Rotavirus using the Latex agglutination test.
  • Bacterial pathogens, including E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae, and Aeromonas species, were identified.

Main Results:

  • Rotavirus was detected in 19.56% of diarrhea cases, peaking in the 7-12 months age group.
  • Bacterial agents accounted for a significant 69.6% of diarrheal diseases.
  • Specific bacterial pathogens showed age predilections: Enteroaggregative E. coli (25-36 months), Shigellosis (37-60 months), and Salmonella typhimurium (7-12 months).

Conclusions:

  • Both Rotavirus and bacterial pathogens play substantial roles in acute diarrheal illness among young children.
  • Bacterial infections, particularly E. coli, are highly prevalent and demonstrate distinct age distributions.
  • Comprehensive etiological diagnosis is essential for managing pediatric diarrhea effectively.

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