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Related Experiment Videos

Bias effects in facilitatory phonological priming.

Dennis Norris1, James M McQueen, Anne Cutler

  • 1MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, England. dennis.norris@mrc-cbu.cam.ac.uk

Memory & Cognition
|June 14, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Spoken word targets facilitate lexical decisions when they rhyme with primes. This phonological facilitation effect is partly strategic, influenced by listener bias and the presence of near-rhymes.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Speech Perception

Background:

  • Phonological similarity between spoken words can influence cognitive processes.
  • Previous research suggests that rhyming primes can prime spoken word targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the facilitative effects of rhyming spoken primes on spoken word and nonword targets.
  • To determine the role of strategic listener behavior versus pre-lexical access processes in phonological facilitation.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments were conducted using lexical decision tasks and single-word shadowing.
  • Participants responded to spoken word and nonword targets preceded by rhyming or unrelated spoken primes.
  • Near-rhyming distractors (foils) were included in some experiments to assess their influence.

Main Results:

  • Lexical decisions were faster for rhyming targets following rhyming primes in lexical decision tasks, but not for nonword targets.
  • Facilitation was reduced when near-rhymes were present in lexical decision tasks.
  • In shadowing tasks, facilitation occurred for both rhyming words and nonwords, unaffected by near-rhymes.

Conclusions:

  • Phonological facilitation in spoken word recognition has both strategic and non-strategic components.
  • Strategic facilitation in lexical decision tasks may involve a listener bias towards 'yes' responses for rhyming targets.
  • Non-strategic facilitation likely reflects early speech perception processes occurring before lexical access.

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