[Myositis proliferans. Differential cervical space-occupying lesion diagnosis]

Myositis proliferans is a rare and benign pseudosarcomatous tumour of soft tissue. In most cases it is found in the region of the shoulder and arm and its occurrence in the region of the neck is described in literature in 16 cases in all. For the ear, nose and throat specialist it is an important differential diagnosis in contrast to malignant tumours. In this report we present the cases of two patients, who were suffering from painful cervical swelling that had been increasing for some days. The problems inherent in the diagnosis of this illness are discussed. Due to its rapid growth the tumour is generally falsely diagnosed and radically removed. Therefore, in appropriate case history, this possibility should be considered and excluded in order to prevent the patient from unnecessary radical operation. In addition to clinical symptoms, imaging and trial excision are suitable.