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Definitional skill in school-age children with specific language impairment.

Sally A Marinellie1, Cynthia J Johnson

  • 1Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA. marinels@ohio.edu

Journal of Communication Disorders
|June 18, 2002
PubMed
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Children with specific language impairment (SLI) struggle with defining common nouns, showing deficits in both content and form. This suggests potential issues with lexical access and metalinguistic knowledge in these children.

Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Definitional skill is crucial for language development and academic success.
  • Typically developing children refine their definitions as they mature.
  • Specific language impairment (SLI) can affect various language domains, including word knowledge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the definitional abilities of children with SLI.
  • To compare the definitional skills of children with SLI to their typically developing peers.
  • To explore potential underlying causes for differences in definitional skills.

Main Methods:

  • Fifteen children with SLI and 15 typically developing children defined 10 common, high-frequency nouns.
  • Definitions were assessed based on both content (accuracy, completeness) and form (grammaticality, structure).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Statistical analysis compared the performance of the two groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Children with SLI demonstrated significantly lower scores in both the content and form of their definitions compared to controls.
    • The performance gap suggests difficulties beyond simple vocabulary recall.
    • Lexical access and metalinguistic knowledge deficits are implicated.

    Conclusions:

    • Children with SLI face significant challenges in defining common nouns.
    • Difficulties may stem from impaired lexical access and/or insufficient metalinguistic awareness.
    • Findings have implications for targeted assessment and intervention strategies for SLI.