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Related Experiment Videos

Tissue changes adjacent to titanium plates in patients.

Richard J Langford1, John W Frame

  • 1University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK. langfordnorton@hotmail.com

Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery
|June 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Titanium miniplates used in maxillofacial surgery appear well tolerated long-term. Histomorphological analysis revealed fibrosis and particulate titanium debris in adjacent soft tissues, with no significant inflammatory response observed.

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Area of Science:

  • Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Titanium miniplates are standard for osteosynthesis in maxillofacial surgery.
  • Long-term effects of retained titanium in human tissues are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To histomorphologically evaluate soft tissues adjacent to titanium maxillofacial miniplates.
  • To characterize pigmented, particulate debris found in these tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 35 soft tissue specimens adjacent to titanium miniplates (1 month to 13 years in situ).
  • Histopathological examination using light, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy.
  • Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) for elemental composition of debris.

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Main Results:

  • All specimens exhibited fibrosis.
  • Pigmented debris, identified as titanium by EDX, was present in 70% of samples.
  • Debris was primarily extracellular, with minimal associated inflammation or giant cell reaction.

Conclusions:

  • Titanium miniplates demonstrate good biocompatibility in maxillofacial tissues for up to 13 years.
  • Observed fibrosis and particulate debris do not elicit significant adverse tissue reactions.