Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis due to Hepatitis C in renal allograft

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type 1 is an etiologically divergent disorder. Hepatitis C with or without cryoglobulinemia is considered one of the principal causes of de novo and post transplant membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type 1. A 49-year-old male who underwent renal allograft for end stage renal disease developed proteinuria and positive hepatitis C serology during the post-transplant period. This was associated with moderate hepatic dysfunction, which necessitated both liver and renal biopsies. Features of both chronic active hepatitis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type 1 were seen as a result of histological examination of both liver and renal biopsies. Ultra structural studies showing mesangial and membranous deposits which are characteristic of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis have been observed. The case is reported with a review of pertinent medical literature.