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Left ventricular diastolic function in physiologic and pathologic hypertrophy.

Christiana M Schannwell1, Markus Schneppenheim, Gunnar Plehn

  • 1Clinic of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Germany. schannw@uni-duesseldorf.de

American Journal of Hypertension
|June 21, 2002
PubMed
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Physiologic left ventricular hypertrophy from endurance training does not impair diastolic filling. Pathologic hypertrophy from hypertension causes diastolic dysfunction, distinguishing these conditions using Doppler echocardiography.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Hypertensive heart disease and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) are linked to impaired diastolic filling.
  • Physiologic LVH from endurance training's effect on diastolic filling is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if physiologic LVH from endurance training causes systolic and diastolic filling disturbances.
  • To differentiate between physiologic and pathologic LVH using echocardiographic parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Conventional echocardiography and Doppler assessment of LV diastolic filling in athletes with LVH, hypertensive patients with LVH, and controls.
  • Evaluated left ventricular (LV) muscle mass index, fractional shortening, and diastolic filling velocities.

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Main Results:

  • Athletes and hypertensive patients had higher LV muscle mass indices than controls.
  • Hypertensive patients showed diastolic dysfunction with delayed relaxation and altered filling velocities.
  • Athletes with physiologic LVH exhibited normal LV diastolic filling patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Doppler echocardiographic parameters differentiate between pathologic (hypertension-induced) and physiologic (endurance training-induced) LVH.
  • Physiologic LVH does not compromise diastolic function.