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Terrorism from a public health perspective.

R Gregory Evans1, James M Crutcher, Brooke Shadel

  • 1Center for the Study of Bioterrorism and Emerging Infections, Saint Louis University School of Public Health, Missouri 63104, USA. evansrg@slu.edu

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|June 21, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Bioterrorism poses a growing threat, with agents like Bacillus anthracis potentially causing mass casualties. Public health systems must prepare for large-scale biological attacks and the "worried well."

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Area of Science:

  • Biosecurity
  • Public Health
  • Terrorism Studies

Background:

  • Biological and chemical weapons have been used sporadically in warfare and terrorism.
  • Recent events indicate an increasing risk of bioterrorism by non-state actors.
  • Historically, risk assessments for biological weapons focused on military targets, overlooking civilian populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the evolving threat of bioterrorism.
  • To emphasize the vulnerability of civilian populations to biological agents.
  • To discuss the potential impact of bioterrorism events on public health infrastructure.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical bioterrorism events.
  • Analysis of the potential impact of specific biological agents (e.g., Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis).

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  • Assessment of factors influencing bioterrorism event outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Civilian populations are at risk from bioterrorism, as demonstrated by anthrax events.
    • Small-scale bioterrorism events are more likely, but agents like Bacillus anthracis can cause mass casualties.
    • The impact of an attack depends on the agent, dispersal method, and public health response.

    Conclusions:

    • Bioterrorism presents a significant and increasing threat to public health.
    • Public health systems must be prepared to manage mass casualties and the "worried well" during large-scale events.
    • Effective response strategies are crucial to mitigate the impact of bioterrorism.