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Related Experiment Videos

Effect of maxillary distraction osteogenesis on velopharyngeal function: a pilot study.

Kiyoshi Harada1, Yoshimasa Ishii, Masatoshi Ishii

  • 1Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. harada.osur@tmd.ac.jp

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics
|June 21, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Maxillary distraction osteogenesis in cleft patients using the Rigid External Distraction System appears safe for velopharyngeal function. Distraction less than 15 mm showed minimal impact on speech outcomes, suggesting preserved velopharyngeal function.

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Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial surgery
  • Speech pathology
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Cleft lip and palate are congenital conditions affecting facial development.
  • Maxillary hypoplasia is common in cleft patients, often requiring surgical intervention.
  • Maxillary distraction osteogenesis is a surgical technique to lengthen the midface.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of maxillary distraction osteogenesis on velopharyngeal function in cleft patients.
  • To assess changes in nasopharyngeal depth, velar length, and speech outcomes post-surgery.
  • To determine if the amount of maxillary advancement influences velopharyngeal function.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of six cleft patients undergoing maxillary distraction.
  • Lateral cephalograms (plain and contrast) taken pre- and post-surgery.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Speech evaluation by a certified speech therapist at the same time points.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean maxillary advancement was 11.7 mm (range: 7.4-15.0 mm).
    • Increased nasopharyngeal depth and velar length observed post-distraction.
    • Velopharyngeal closure scores slightly decreased, but hypernasality remained stable except in one patient with 15.0 mm distraction.

    Conclusions:

    • Maxillary distraction osteogenesis with less than 15 mm advancement may not significantly impair velopharyngeal function in cleft patients.
    • The degree of maxillary advancement is a critical factor in maintaining velopharyngeal function.
    • Further research with larger cohorts is warranted to confirm these findings.