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Related Experiment Videos

HIV seroconverting donors delay their return: screening test implications.

George B Schreiber1, Simone A Glynn, Glen A Satten

  • 1Westat, Rockville, Maryland, USA. georgeschreiber@westat.com

Transfusion
|June 22, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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HIV seroconverters delay their return to blood donation centers, impacting the effectiveness of early detection tests. This behavior explains lower-than-expected yields for HIV p24 antigen testing.

Area of Science:

  • Blood Transfusion Safety
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Viral Seroconversion Studies

Background:

  • HIV p24 antigen testing yield has been lower than projected since March 1996.
  • A potential reason is that donors who are seroconverting delay their return due to risk behaviors or primary infection symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if HIV seroconverting donors alter their donation patterns.
  • To determine if donation delays explain the low yield of HIV p24 antigen testing.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 6.8 million allogeneic donations (1991-1997) from five US blood centers.
  • Identified seroconverters for HIV, HCV, HTLV, and HBsAg with at least three donations.
  • Developed statistical methods to compare donation intervals around seroconversion to expected intervals based on prior history.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • HIV seroconverters returned 42% later than expected (p < 0.01).
  • HCV seroconverters donated slightly earlier, while HTLV and HBsAg seroconverters showed no significant pattern change.
  • 63% of HIV seroconverters later admitted to high-risk behavior.

Conclusions:

  • HIV seroconverters delay donation around seroconversion, reducing the likelihood of detecting recent infections.
  • This delay offers a plausible explanation for the suboptimal yield of HIV p24 antigen testing.
  • Nucleic acid testing (NAT) may also face similar yield challenges due to this donor behavior.