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Nitrogen fertilizers: meeting contemporary challenges
1Potash and Phosphate Institute, 772 22nd Ave. S., Brookings, SD 57006, USA. pfixen@ppi-far.org
Ambio
|June 25, 2002
Summary
Commercial fertilizer nitrogen is crucial for global food security, supplying half of all nitrogen to croplands. Improving nitrogen-use efficiency is key to meeting future food needs while minimizing environmental impact.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Environmental Science
- Soil Science
Background:
- Commercial fertilizer nitrogen (N) supplies approximately half of all N reaching global croplands, essential for food production for over 40% of the population.
- Global food security relies heavily on fertilizer N, highlighting the need for sustainable agricultural practices.
- Current nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) varies globally, with lower levels in Asia compared to North America, indicating potential for improvement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address the challenge of meeting global food demands while minimizing environmental impacts through enhanced nitrogen-use efficiency.
- To highlight the fertilizer industry's commitment to adopting new practices and technologies for sustainable N management.
- To underscore the importance of continued progress in NUE for both current and future food security.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of global fertilizer nitrogen application rates and their contribution to food production.
- Review of trends in nitrogen-use efficiency in major agricultural regions, specifically comparing the US (corn) with Asia.
- Assessment of the role of the fertilizer industry in promoting efficient and sustainable nitrogen management.
Main Results:
- Commercial fertilizer N accounts for 81.7 million tonnes, meeting food needs for at least 40% of the global population.
- Nitrogen-use efficiency for corn in the US has increased by over 30% in the last two decades, with potential for further gains.
- While generally lower than in North America, nitrogen efficiency and productivity are improving in most Asian countries.
Conclusions:
- Continued improvement in nitrogen-use efficiency is critical for sustainable agriculture and global food security.
- The fertilizer industry is prepared to implement innovative practices to enhance NUE and reduce environmental risks.
- Balancing food production needs with environmental stewardship is achievable through technological advancements and strategic N management.