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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus
Published on: November 6, 2014
[Self-esteem in adolescents with and without cleft-lip and/or palate]
1Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo. dandrade@eerp.usp.br
Abstract:
Self-image is an important determinant of self-esteem among men and women, which makes us reflect about the process of rehabilitation of people with facial malformations. In order to measure self-esteem, the Janis and Field Scale was used. The sample consisted of 608 adolescents aged 17 to 20 years including males and females. Two hundred and thirty-five had a cleft lip and/or palate and 373 did not. The analysis of the self-esteem levels obtained enabled to conclude that the adolescents with a cleft lip and/or palate behave differently from those without it, that is, they present lower self-esteem scores.
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