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Cancer risks among long-standing spouses.

K Hemminki1, Y Jiang

  • 1Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institute, 141 57 Huddinge, Sweden. Kari.Hemminki@cnt.ki.se

British Journal of Cancer
|June 28, 2002
PubMed
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Shared environments explain little cancer risk between spouses, with only stomach, lung, and bladder cancers showing slight increases. Familial cancer risk is more likely due to heritable factors than shared lifestyles.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Environmental Health
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Shared environmental exposures within families can influence disease risk.
  • Quantifying the impact of shared environments on cancer development is crucial for understanding familial cancer susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the risks of concordant and discordant cancers in spouses.
  • To quantify cancer risks attributable to shared environmental factors among married couples.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the nationwide Family-Cancer Database for family and cancer data.
  • Calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for concordant and discordant cancers in spouses over 50 years of age.
  • Restricted analysis to couples with shared children and cohabitation of at least 15 years post-first child.

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Main Results:

  • Concordant increases in cancer risk were observed for stomach, lung, and bladder cancers among spouses (SIRs 1.19-1.38).
  • Gastric and pancreatic cancers showed associations, alongside smoking- and HPV-related cancers.
  • No increased risk was found for colon, rectal, renal, or skin cancers in spouses.

Conclusions:

  • Shared lifestyles explain a minor proportion of familial cancer susceptibility.
  • Heritable factors are more likely to drive familial cancer risks between parents and offspring than environmental effects.
  • Environmental influences on cancer risk appear limited between spouses, suggesting stronger genetic contributions to familial cancer patterns.