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Dermoid cysts, gliomas, and encephaloceles: evaluation and treatment
Jeffrey C Posnick1, Bernard J Costello
1Departments of Plastic Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Pediatrics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
Abstract:
The fronto-orbitonasal malformations of encephaloceles, dermoid sinus cysts, and gliomas represent a continuum of neuroectodermal anomalies. The differentiation between them and other similar-appearing lesions is essential for effective management to proceed. Obtaining a reliable history, completing a careful physical examination, and obtaining accurate radiographic documentation represent the first steps. Establishing the timing, staging, and specific surgical techniques for management of a fronto-orbitonasal encephalocele remains as much an art as a science.