Hypnotic responsivity from a developmental perspective: insights from young children

Evidence indicates that hypnotic responsivity in children younger than 8 years of age differs significantly from that of older children and adults. The sudden increase in responsiveness around age 8, differing patterns of item difficulty for young children, specific problems with hypnotic dream and age regression items, and the lack of conceptual distinction between volition and nonvolition argue for a fundamental discontinuity between young children and adults regarding responsivity. These differences result from underlying developmental processes that characterize young childhood, including limitations in executive cognitive functioning, more overt forms of involvement, and reliance on authoritative others for direction, regulation, and support. The unique features of young children's hypnotic responsivity offer the opportunity to reconsider hypnosis within a developmental context.