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Updated: Sep 30, 2026

A Pre-Clinical Model of Synovitis Using Ex vivo Human Synovial Tissue with Preserved Function and Architecture
Published on: March 20, 2026
Interleukin-1beta stimulates interleukin-8 production and gene expression in synovial cells from human
Makiko Tobe1, Naomi Ogura, Yoshimitsu Abiko
1Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
Purpose:
The aims of the present study were to isolate and characterize cultured synovial cells from human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) specimens and to investigate the effect of interleukin (IL)-1beta on IL-8 production and gene expression in those cells.
Materials And Methods:
Synovial cells (HTS cells) were isolated from TMJ synovial tissues using an outgrowth method and then primary cultured. The cells were examined for cell-specific markers of fibroblast, macrophage, and dendritic cells using immunocytochemistry. HTS cells were then treated with IL-1beta, and amounts of IL-8 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-8 production and expression were also investigated using immunocytochemistry and a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method.
Results:
HTS cells were positive for the fibroblast-specific markers, such as vimentin and propyl 4-hydroxylase. The macrophage or dendritic cell markers and HLA class II antigen were negative. Furthermore, IL-1beta enhanced IL-8 production in HTS cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner and stimulated IL-8 gene expression.
Conclusions:
HTS cells may provide important advantages for studies of the cellular and molecular mechanisms in the TMJ. In addition, we found that IL-1beta stimulated IL-8 production through an increase in IL-8 gene expression in HTS cells, which may be associated with the increase of infiltrating inflammatory cells seen in the synovial membrane of TMJ disorders.
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