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Ameloblastoma in children.

R A Ord1, R H Blanchaert, N G Nikitakis

  • 1Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Systems, Baltimore, MD, USA. rord@umm.edu

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
|June 29, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Ameloblastomas in children present differently than in adults, with unicystic tumors being more common. Aggressive surgical treatment may be necessary, especially with mural invasion, due to high recurrence rates after simple enucleation.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Tumor Histopathology

Background:

  • Ameloblastoma is a rare odontogenic tumor.
  • Pediatric ameloblastoma cases exhibit distinct characteristics compared to adult presentations.
  • Understanding treatment outcomes and recurrence patterns in children is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the University of Maryland's experience in treating pediatric ameloblastoma.
  • To conduct a comprehensive literature review on ameloblastoma treatment in children (1970-2001).
  • To compare treatment outcomes and tumor characteristics between Western and African populations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of pediatric ameloblastoma cases at the University of Maryland (1991-1999).

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  • Systematic literature review of ameloblastoma in children from Western societies and Africa (1970-2001).
  • Analysis of tumor type, age, location, and recurrence rates based on treatment modality.

    • Main Results:

    • The Maryland series included 11 pediatric patients, with 9 of 11 tumors being unicystic ameloblastomas.
    • Literature review identified 85 cases from Western reports and 77 from Africa, with higher unicystic prevalence in Western children (76.5%) vs. African (19.5%).
    • Recurrence rate after enucleation for unicystic ameloblastoma in children followed for at least 5 years was 40%.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric ameloblastomas show a higher predilection for unicystic histology compared to adults.
    • African children with ameloblastoma appear to follow an adult-like pattern.
    • The high recurrence rate (40%) after enucleation, particularly with mural invasion, indicates a need for more aggressive surgical approaches in pediatric cases.