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Diagnostic criteria of internal jugular phlebectasia in Korean children
Cheong-Woo Jeon1, Moo-Jin Choo, Il Hun Bae
1Department of Otolaryngology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
Insights
Internal jugular phlebectasia (IJP) is a neck mass in children. Ultrasonography revealed significant differences in venous diameter changes during the Valsalva maneuver between IJP patients and controls.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Pediatric Radiology
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Internal jugular phlebectasia (IJP) presents as a neck mass in children, requiring accurate diagnosis.
- Early identification of IJP is crucial for timely and potentially life-saving interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish clinical diagnostic criteria for IJP in Korean children.
- To differentiate IJP from normal internal jugular vein (IJV) anatomy.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of three pediatric IJP cases.
- Comparison of IJV diameters using ultrasonography (USG) in patients versus ten healthy children (control group).
- Assessment of resting state diameters and diameter changes during Valsalva maneuver.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in resting IJV diameters between IJP patients and controls.
- No statistical difference in diameters between right and left IJVs in either group (p > 0.05).
- Significant differences in the range of expanding diameter and average expanding ratios (p < 0.05) during Valsalva maneuver between groups.
Conclusions:
- Valsalva maneuver-induced diameter changes are key diagnostic indicators for IJP in children.
- USG assessment of dynamic venous response aids in diagnosing IJP, distinguishing it from normal anatomy.
Abstract:
Internal jugular phlebectasia (IJP) is a fusiform dilatation of the internal jugular vein (IJV), usually presented as a neck mass in children. Accurate diagnosis from carefully directed history, physical examination, and radiological study could result in lifesaving therapy. We performed our study to suggest possible clinical diagnostic criteria for IJP in Korean children. We reviewed three cases of IJP (patients group) and compared the diameter of the internal jugular phlebectasias with diameters of IJVs in ten normal children (control group) using ultrasonography (USG). There were no significant differences in the range of diameters in the resting state between the two groups. The diameters on the right side, compared with those on the left side, showed no statistical significance (p > 0.05). The range of expanding diameter and average expanding ratios (resting state to Valsalva maneuver x 100%) showed a statistical difference between the two groups (p < 0.05).