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Genetic testing: psychological aspects and implications.

Caryn Lerman1, Robert T Croyle, Kenneth P Tercyak

  • 1Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-4283, USA. clerman@mail.med.upenn.edu

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
|July 2, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Genetic testing for inherited diseases poses minimal psychological risks overall, though some individuals may be more vulnerable. Current data do not show genetic testing influences health behaviors, highlighting a need to encourage protective actions.

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Increasing identification of genes linked to inherited diseases.
  • Growing relevance of genetic testing in clinical and research settings.
  • Anticipation of complex psychological issues for individuals at genetic risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on psychological risks associated with genetic testing.
  • To assess the impact of genetic testing on health-related behaviors.
  • To identify needs for research and practice concerning genetic risk information.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of prenatal, carrier, and predictive genetic testing.
  • Analysis of psychological risks and adverse effects.
  • Examination of evidence for changes in health-related behaviors.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Psychological risks from research-based genetic testing appear not to be severe.
  • Certain subgroups with specific psychological traits may exhibit increased vulnerability.
  • No substantial evidence indicates genetic testing promotes changes in health-related behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Mental health professionals may have a reduced role in direct counseling for genetic testing participants.
  • Further research and practice are needed to help individuals adopt health-protective behaviors in response to genetic risk information.
  • Focus should shift towards facilitating adaptive responses to genetic risk awareness.