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Gastroparesis and its management.
1Second Medical Clinic-Gastroenterology, University Hospital St. Spiridon Iaşi.
Summary
Gastroparesis, often caused by diabetes mellitus, presents with symptoms like nausea and vomiting. While treatments exist, some patients require advanced interventions for delayed gastric emptying.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Endocrinology
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Gastroparesis is a gastrointestinal motility disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying.
- Diabetes mellitus is the predominant underlying cause of gastroparesis.
- Common symptoms include early satiety, postprandial bloating, nausea, and vomiting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the causes, diagnosis, and management of gastroparesis.
- To highlight current treatment strategies and emerging therapies.
- To discuss nonconventional approaches for refractory cases.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on gastroparesis etiology and clinical presentation.
- Discussion of diagnostic standards, including gastric scintigraphy.
- Analysis of therapeutic options ranging from dietary changes to surgical interventions.
Main Results:
- Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of gastroparesis.
- Gastric scintigraphy is the gold standard for diagnosing delayed gastric emptying.
- Dietary modifications and prokinetic agents provide relief for most patients.
Conclusions:
- Gastroparesis management involves dietary changes, medications, and potentially surgical interventions.
- Gastric electrical stimulation represents a novel therapeutic avenue.
- Further research into nonconventional treatments is warranted for severe gastroparesis cases.