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[Bartonella infection]
1Facultatea de Medicină, Clinica de Boli Infecţioase, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Gr.T. Popa Iaşi.
Abstract:
Bartonella species have been recently recognized as an important human pathogen associated with a wide spectrum of diseases. Four members of the genus are known to cause human infection: Bartonella baciliformis, B. henselae, B. quintana and B. elizabethae. B. baciliformis, the first identified Bartonella species, is the agent of two disease entities, Oroya fever and verruga peruana., B. henselae and B. quintana are two species involved in producing bacteremic syndromes (relapsing fever, trench fever, endocarditis), chronic lymphadenopathy in immunocompetent patients (cat-scrath disease) and chronic vascular lesions in immunocompromised hosts (bacillary angiomatosis and bacillary peliosis hepatis-recognized as new opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients).
Insights
Bartonella bacteria cause various human diseases, including Oroya fever and cat-scratch disease. Four Bartonella species are significant human pathogens, leading to a range of infections in both healthy and immunocompromised individuals.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Medical Entomology
Context:
- Bartonella species are increasingly recognized as significant human pathogens.
- Four Bartonella species (Bartonella baciliformis, B. henselae, B. quintana, B. elizabethae) are known to cause human infections.
- These bacteria are transmitted by vectors, primarily fleas and ticks, and can infect various hosts.
Purpose:
- To review the spectrum of human diseases caused by Bartonella species.
- To highlight the clinical manifestations and etiological agents of Bartonella infections.
- To underscore the importance of Bartonella as emerging pathogens.
Summary:
- Bartonella baciliformis causes Oroya fever and verruga peruana in South America.
- Bartonella henselae and B. quintana are associated with bacteremic syndromes like relapsing fever, trench fever, and endocarditis.
- In immunocompromised individuals, particularly HIV-infected patients, B. henselae and B. quintana can cause opportunistic infections such as bacillary angiomatosis and bacillary peliosis hepatis.
Impact:
- Understanding Bartonella-associated diseases is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
- Recognition of Bartonella as opportunistic pathogens is vital for managing infections in immunocompromised populations.
- This review provides a foundation for further research into Bartonella pathogenesis and epidemiology.