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Stroke before fifty. Experiences from a five-year study.

G Frithz, I Werner

    Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences
    |January 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Young stroke patients often have predisposing factors and a family history of vascular disease. Early detection of hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance is crucial for preventing strokes in at-risk individuals.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Cardiology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Acute cerebrovascular lesions in patients under 50 are uncommon but significant.
    • Predisposing factors and family history play a crucial role in early-onset stroke.
    • Inadequate management of known hypertension was observed in half of the cases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate predisposing factors, immediate mortality, and long-term outcomes in young stroke patients.
    • To identify risk factors for early stroke and assess rehabilitation potential.
    • To emphasize the need for community resources in managing young stroke survivors.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective study of 37 patients under 50 with first-time cerebrovascular lesions.
    • Assessment of predisposing factors, including family history, hypertension, and oral contraceptive use.
    Keywords:
    Age FactorsBiologyCardiovascular EffectsCerebrovascular EffectsDemographic FactorsDiabetes MellitusDiseasesEpidemiologic MethodsExaminations And DiagnosesGlucose Metabolism EffectsGlucose Tolerance TestHypertensionIncidenceLaboratory Examinations And DiagnosesLaboratory ProceduresMeasurementMortalityOral ContraceptivesPhysiologyPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsResearch MethodologyVascular Diseases

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  • Follow-up at 30 months to evaluate survival, vocational rehabilitation, and metabolic status via intravenous glucose tolerance tests.

    • Main Results:

    • Nearly all patients had predisposing factors; high incidence of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease in parents.
    • Immediate (30-day) mortality was 35%, primarily due to cerebral hemorrhage.
    • At 30 months, 16 patients survived, with 11 achieving some work capacity; survivors showed high rates of diabetes and impaired glucose metabolism.

    Conclusions:

    • Young stroke patients face significant immediate mortality but show good long-term survival and rehabilitation potential compared to older groups.
    • Individuals with hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, and a family history of vascular disease/diabetes are at high risk for early stroke.
    • Proactive health surveys targeting these high-risk individuals are essential for early detection and intervention.