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Bacterial microleakage and pulp inflammation associated with various restorative materials
Peter E Murray1, Abeer A Hafez, Anthony J Smith
1Department of Oral Biology, The University of Birmingham, School of Dentistry, St Chad's Queensway, UK. p.e.murray@bham.ac.uk
Summary
Resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), bonded amalgam (BA), zinc oxide eugenol (ZnOE), and composite resin (CR) best prevented bacterial microleakage. These restorative materials also minimized pulp inflammation in non-exposed monkey cavities.
Area of Science:
- Dental Materials Science
- Restorative Dentistry
- Biomaterials Research
Background:
- Restorative materials are essential for dental health, with claims of preventing bacterial microleakage and pulp inflammation.
- Limited in vivo data exists comparing the performance of various restorative materials.
- Understanding material efficacy is crucial for clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate and compare the in vivo pulp response to nine different restorative materials.
- To assess the efficacy of these materials in preventing bacterial microleakage.
- To correlate bacterial microleakage with pulp inflammation.
Main Methods:
- Preparation of 279 standardized non-exposed Class V cavities in monkey dentin.
- Restoration of cavities with Zinc oxide eugenol (ZnOE), Calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)(2)], zinc phosphate (ZP), Resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), Composite resin (CR), Bonded amalgam (BA), Gutta-percha (GP), Compomer, and Silicate.
- Histomorphometric analysis of pulp tissues at various time points, statistical analysis (Spearman's rho, ANOVA), and bacterial detection using McKay stains.
Main Results:
- Pulp inflammation was significantly correlated with bacterial microleakage (p < 0.0001).
- Bacterial microleakage varied significantly among the tested restorative materials (p < 0.0001).
- Ranked order of bacterial microleakage prevention (best to worst): RMGI (100%), BA (88%), ZnOE (86%), CR (80%), GP (64%), Ca(OH)(2) (58%), compomer (42%), silicate (36%), ZP (0%).
Conclusions:
- Resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), bonded amalgam (BA), zinc oxide eugenol (ZnOE), and composite resin (CR) demonstrated the highest efficacy in preventing bacterial microleakage.
- These materials were most effective in minimizing pulp inflammatory responses.
- The study highlights significant differences in the in vivo performance of common restorative materials regarding sealing ability and biocompatibility.