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Sexual and vegetative reproduction of Hieracium pilosella L. under competition and disturbance: a grid-based

E Winkler1, J Stöcklin

  • 1UFZ-Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Ecological Modelling, Leipzig, Germany. ewi@oesa.ufz.de

Annals of Botany
|July 9, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Hieracium pilosella persists through vegetative growth in low-fertility soils but requires sexual reproduction and seed dispersal for survival in competitive, fertile grasslands. A mixed reproductive strategy is key for this species.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Plant Biology
  • Population Dynamics

Background:

  • Hieracium pilosella (mouse-ear hawkweed) exhibits a complex life cycle.
  • Understanding its reproductive strategies is crucial for predicting population dynamics in diverse habitats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relative importance of vegetative versus sexual reproduction in Hieracium pilosella.
  • To model the species' population dynamics across a soil fertility gradient.
  • To assess the impact of competition and disturbance on reproductive success.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a spatially explicit simulation model.
  • Incorporated in situ population data from a Swiss calcareous grassland.
  • Simulated growth, clonal reproduction (stolons), and seed reproduction under varying soil fertility.

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Main Results:

  • Vegetative reproduction via rosettes dominated in low-fertility conditions, while competition excluded H. pilosella from fertile areas.
  • Random disturbances slightly favored H. pilosella, but long-distance seed dispersal and seedling facilitation were essential for realistic field observations.
  • Phenotypic plasticity in stolon length was critical for population maintenance.

Conclusions:

  • A mixed reproductive strategy combining clonal growth and sexual reproduction is vital for H. pilosella survival.
  • This strategy allows the species to persist despite high interspecific competition and limited open space.
  • Effective seed dispersal and establishment mechanisms are crucial in competitive environments.