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Dolasetron decreases postoperative nausea and vomiting after breast surgery
H Abou Zeid1, A Al-Gahamdi, M Abdul-Hadi
1Department of Anesthesiology, King Faisal University, King Fahd Hospital, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia. haithamabouzeid@hotmail.com
The Breast Journal
|July 9, 2002
Summary
Dolasetron and dexamethasone effectively prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting after breast surgery, outperforming metoclopramide and placebo. These antiemetics significantly reduced nausea and vomiting scores and the need for rescue medication.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication after breast surgery.
- Effective antiemetic strategies are crucial for patient recovery and satisfaction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of intravenous dolasetron, dexamethasone, and metoclopramide in preventing PONV in women undergoing breast surgery.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of these agents against a placebo control.
Main Methods:
- A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted with 80 patients undergoing breast surgery.
- Patients received either dolasetron (12.5 mg), dexamethasone (8 mg), metoclopramide (20 mg), or placebo intravenously.
- A severity score quantified nausea and vomiting; droperidol served as rescue medication.
Main Results:
- Dolasetron and dexamethasone significantly reduced PONV scores compared to metoclopramide and placebo (p < 0.02 and p < 0.0001, respectively).
- Metoclopramide showed a significant reduction versus placebo (p < 0.02), but less effectively than dolasetron or dexamethasone.
- The need for rescue droperidol was significantly lower in the dolasetron and dexamethasone groups.
Conclusions:
- Intravenous dolasetron and dexamethasone are equally effective and superior to metoclopramide for preventing PONV after breast surgery.
- Both dolasetron and dexamethasone offer significant advantages over metoclopramide and placebo in managing PONV and reducing rescue medication requirements.