Adenoviral-mediated gene transfer to the synovial tissue

In various animal models gene transfer to the synovial tissue has been shown after intraarticular injection of adenoviral vectors. Safety of the transfer of therapeutic genes to the synovial tissue depends on multiple factors, including the mode of administration, the vector and the gene used, and the immune system of the host. In this article, data on the biodistribution and induction of inflammation after the intraarticular administration of adenoviral vectors are summarized and discussed. The ultimate goal of gene therapy will be the injection of a vector that has a specific target cell. Such a goal will require major improvements in the currently available delivery systems or the development of novel vectors. In this article new strategies are proposed in which gene transfer efficiency to the synovial tissue increases, whereas simultaneously the effect of neutralization of the adenoviral vector by the synovial fluid is circumvented.