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Persistent truncus arteriosus in a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).

Douglas J Brandt1, Don R Canfield, Pamela E Peterson

  • 1California Regional Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis 95616-8542, USA.

Comparative Medicine
|July 10, 2002
PubMed
Summary

A rare congenital heart defect, persistent truncus arteriosus, was diagnosed in a young rhesus macaque presenting with heart failure. This finding highlights the importance of investigating congenital anomalies in pediatric non-human primates with cardiac disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Cardiology
  • Primate Medicine
  • Congenital Heart Defects

Background:

  • Congenital heart defects are a significant concern in pediatric veterinary medicine.
  • Early diagnosis and understanding of these defects are crucial for effective management.
  • Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) serve as important models in biomedical research, including cardiovascular studies.

Observation:

  • A 47-day-old female rhesus macaque presented with a severe holosystolic heart murmur (grade 5/6) and clinical signs of congestive heart failure.
  • Physical examination, thoracic radiography, and cardiac ultrasonography confirmed advanced congestive heart failure.
  • The patient's young age and severe clinical presentation suggested a congenital etiology.

Findings:

  • Necropsy examination revealed a rare congenital heart defect: persistent (common) truncus arteriosus.

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  • This condition involves a single large artery arising from the left ventricle, supplying both the pulmonary and systemic circulations.
  • The specific anatomical abnormalities associated with persistent truncus arteriosus were confirmed post-mortem.

    • Implications:

    • This case underscores the importance of considering rare congenital heart defects in young non-human primates exhibiting signs of heart failure.
    • Accurate diagnosis of congenital heart defects in research animals is vital for animal welfare and the validity of research outcomes.
    • Understanding such anomalies in macaques can provide insights into human congenital heart disease and its management.