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[Blood pressure in neonates born from pregnancies complicated by diabetes]
Marek Alifier1, Marek Szczepański, Krystyna Dzienis
1Klinika Neonatologii AM Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny 15-276 Białystok ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 24A. malifier@amb.edu.pl
Insights
Neonates born to mothers with diabetes during pregnancy showed higher blood pressure and glucose levels. Further studies are needed to understand arterial blood pressure stabilization in these infants.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
Context:
- Pregnancy-related diabetes poses risks for fetal metabolic development.
- Hypertension and diabetes are key risk factors for cardiovascular and renal diseases.
- Neonatal metabolic abnormalities are linked to maternal glycemic status during pregnancy.
Purpose:
- To investigate blood pressure and glucose homeostasis in neonates born to mothers with diabetes.
- To compare outcomes between neonates from pregnancies with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Summary:
- This study analyzed 44 neonates, measuring blood pressure and capillary blood glucose within the first day of life.
- Significant differences in blood glucose were observed between IDDM and GDM groups.
- While mean systolic blood pressure was higher in the IDDM group, only mean arterial blood pressure showed a significant difference at 18 hours post-birth.
Impact:
- Findings suggest a potential tendency towards improper arterial blood pressure stabilization in neonates of diabetic pregnancies.
- Highlights the need for further research into long-term cardiovascular implications.
- Provides insights into neonatal metabolic and hemodynamic responses to maternal diabetes.
Introduction:
Diabetes is one of the most frequent metabolic disorders that may be influenced by and occur during pregnancy. Hypertension is frequently associated with a diabetes and, as well as diabetes, is considered to be one of the risk factors of the cardiovascular and the renal disease. Diabetes during a pregnancy may predispose fetus, and therefore neonate, to develop several metabolic abnormalities. Abnormalities observed after delivery are primarily due to disregulated glucose homeostasis and are considered as indices of pregnant glycemic status.
Materials And Methods:
44 neonates (28 boys and 16 girls) from pregnancies complicated by the diabetes (12 from pregnancy in course of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosed before the conception) were included into the study. During first day of life all newborns have blood pressure evaluated (Korotkoff's method; automated measurements using Vital Signs Dinamap Plus (Criticon Inc., USA)). After each blood pressure measurement the capillary blood glucose evaluation was performed (GlucoStix, Bayer GmbH, Germany).
Results:
We found statistically significant differences between IDDM and GDM neonates in blood glucose concentration at 1/2 and 2 hours after delivery. In all measurements the mean results of systolic blood pressure were higher in IDDM than GDM group, however the difference did not reach significance level. When comparing mean arterial blood pressure significant difference was observed at 18 hour after birth.
Discussion And Conclusions:
We did not find significantly higher blood pressure in neonates born from IDDM complicated pregnancies (apart from mean arterial blood pressure in one measurement). Mean values of blood pressure in IDDM group were however higher than in GDM group. It may be a signal of improper tendency of the arterial blood pressure stabilization which may require additional studies.