Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...
Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve01:29

Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve

Sight distance on vertical curves is critical in roadway design. It ensures drivers can see far enough ahead to identify and respond to hazards effectively. This directly impacts safety, driver comfort, and the overall efficiency of the transportation network.Vertical curves are classified into crest and sag curves based on their geometry. For crest curves, sight distance is determined by the line of sight between a driver's eye and a small object on the road's surface. Design parameters for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Scanning electron-microscopy of abscission-zone surfaces of Valencia-orange fruit.

Planta·2014
Same author

Sorption of benzalkonium chloride to various filters used in processing ophthalmics.

International journal of pharmaceutical compounding·2013
Same author

South Carolina tuberculosis genotype cluster investigation: a tale of substance abuse and recurrent disease.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2010
Same author

The precision of single neuron responses in cortical area V1 during stereoscopic depth judgments.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2000
Same author

Weighted directional energy model of human stereo correspondence.

Vision research·2000
Same author

Stereo correspondence in one-dimensional Gabor stimuli.

Vision research·2000

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 28, 2026

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues
08:04

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

Sensitivity to disparity corrugations in peripheral vision.

S J Prince1, B J Rogers

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK. prince@psy.ox.ac.uk

Vision Research
|July 16, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Visual acuity for disparity corrugations decreases with retinal eccentricity. However, M-scaling demonstrates that disparity modulation detection remains constant across cortical distance, suggesting consistent visual processing beyond the fovea.

More Related Videos

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
12:23

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Published on: April 14, 2014

A Battery of Quantitative Binocular Vision Tests for Adults: Testing Protocols
08:25

A Battery of Quantitative Binocular Vision Tests for Adults: Testing Protocols

Published on: June 16, 2026

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 28, 2026

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues
08:04

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
12:23

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Published on: April 14, 2014

A Battery of Quantitative Binocular Vision Tests for Adults: Testing Protocols
08:25

A Battery of Quantitative Binocular Vision Tests for Adults: Testing Protocols

Published on: June 16, 2026

Area of Science:

  • Vision science
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual perception

Background:

  • Disparity discrimination thresholds increase with retinal eccentricity and distance from the horopter.
  • Detectability of cyclopean gratings across retinal positions is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the detectability of cyclopean gratings changes with retinal position.
  • To measure disparity corrugation thresholds as a function of corrugation frequency at different visual eccentricities.

Main Methods:

  • Subjects viewed annular displays of random dot stereograms.
  • Participants judged the presence of circumferential disparity modulation in two intervals.
  • Thresholds for disparity corrugations were measured across varying eccentricities and corrugation frequencies.

Main Results:

  • Visual sensitivity to disparity corrugations exhibited a bandpass characteristic at any given eccentricity.
  • Increasing eccentricity from 3.5 to 21.0 degrees led to higher thresholds, decreased optimal corrugation frequency, and a lower upper cutoff frequency.
  • Replotting data using M-Scaling functions showed peak detection frequency remained constant at 0.8 cycles per mm of cortex.

Conclusions:

  • Visual acuity for disparity modulations is approximately M-scaled beyond the fovea.
  • Cortical magnification plays a crucial role in maintaining consistent disparity modulation detection across eccentricities.