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Related Experiment Videos

Engrailed homeoprotein secretion is a regulated process.

Alexis Maizel1, Michel Tassetto, Odile Filhol

  • 1Biologie cellulaire des homéoprotéines, CNRS UMR8542 Ecole Normale Supérieure 46 rue d'Ulm F-75005 Paris, France.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|July 16, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Chicken Engrailed 2 homeoprotein transfer between cells is regulated. Protein kinase CK2 phosphorylation of Engrailed 2 inhibits its secretion, controlling intercellular communication.

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Protein biochemistry

Background:

  • Chicken Engrailed 2 (En2) homeoprotein mediates intercellular communication.
  • En2 utilizes unconventional secretion and non-endocytic internalization mechanisms.
  • The precise regulation of En2 intercellular transfer remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the regulatory mechanisms governing Chicken Engrailed 2 (En2) intercellular transfer.
  • To identify specific molecular events that control En2 secretion and uptake between cells.

Main Methods:

  • Cell culture experiments to study En2 transport.
  • Site-directed mutagenesis to alter En2 phosphorylation sites.
  • Biochemical assays to assess En2 secretion and internalization.

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Main Results:

  • Phosphorylation of a serine-rich domain in En2 by casein kinase 2 (CK2) inhibits its secretion.
  • Displacement of the serine-rich domain to the C-terminus constitutively blocks En2 intercellular transfer.
  • En2's access to vesicles and lack of signal sequence highlight unconventional secretion.

Conclusions:

  • Intercellular transfer of Chicken Engrailed 2 is a tightly regulated process.
  • CK2-mediated phosphorylation acts as a key inhibitory switch for En2 secretion.
  • The localization of the serine-rich domain is critical for regulating En2 intercellular communication.