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Critical issues in bioartificial liver development.

A W Tilles1, F Berthiaume, M L Yarmush

  • 1Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.

Technology and Health Care : Official Journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine
|July 16, 2002
PubMed
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Bioartificial liver devices offer temporary support for liver failure patients, potentially bridging them to transplant or enabling native liver regeneration. Development faces challenges in processing capacity and device size.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • End-stage liver disease causes over 30,000 US deaths annually.
  • Orthotopic liver transplantation is the definitive treatment but limited by donor organ scarcity.
  • Increasing transplant waitlists lead to more deaths among patients awaiting livers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of extracorporeal bioartificial liver devices as a bridge to liver transplantation.
  • To discuss the possibility of native liver regeneration with temporary device support, avoiding transplantation.
  • To review critical challenges in developing effective bioartificial liver systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on bioartificial liver devices.
  • Analysis of the role of viable hepatocytes in extracorporeal devices.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of technical hurdles in device development.

    • Main Results:

    • Bioartificial liver devices can provide temporary support for fulminant hepatic failure.
    • Potential for native liver regeneration exists, reducing transplant need.
    • Successful regeneration eliminates lifelong immunosuppression and reduces healthcare costs.

    Conclusions:

    • Bioartificial liver devices show promise for treating liver failure.
    • Significant technical challenges remain in achieving adequate processing capacity and manageable device size.
    • Further development is critical to realizing the full potential of this technology.