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[Experimental data on methicillin tolerance and penetration into the eye media]
Abstract:
Tolerance of methicillin by the eye tissues was studied on its administration subconjunctively, into the front chamber and vitreous body of 20 rabbits. The studies showed that subconjunctival administration of the antibiotic was well tolerated in a dose of 50 mg, and its administration into the front chamber and vitreous body was well tolerated in doses of 1.0-2.5 mg. Penetration of methicillin into the fluids of the front chamber and vitreous body on its instillation into the conjunctive sac in a form of 2.5 per cent solution, its subconjunctival and retrobulbar injection in a dose of 50 mg and intramuscular administration in a dose of 40 mg/kg was studied. Animals with aseptic inflammation of the eyes due to burns of the cornea with 1 N hydrochloric acid were taken into the experiments. The method of agar diffusion with Staph. aureus 209P as the test-microbe was used. The studies showed that the highest methicillin concentrations in the eye media were observed an hour after the antibiotic subconjunctival administration. In the vitreous body they were 16 times lower than those in the front chamber fluid. The retrobulbar injections had no advantages over the subconjunctival administration for the antibiotic maximum concentrations in the vitreous body. The concentration of methicillin in the front chamber fluid on its local administration was many times higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration for staphylococci and may be considered as a therapeutic one.
Insights
Subconjunctival methicillin administration is well tolerated and achieves therapeutic concentrations in rabbit eye tissues. This antibiotic shows promise for treating ocular infections caused by Staph. aureus.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pharmacology
- Microbiology
Context:
- Ocular infections pose a significant threat to vision.
- Effective antibiotic penetration into ocular tissues is crucial for treatment.
- Methicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the tolerance and ocular tissue penetration of methicillin.
- To determine optimal administration routes and dosages for methicillin in the eye.
- To assess methicillin's efficacy against Staph. aureus in ocular media.
Summary:
- Methicillin was administered subconjunctivally, into the anterior chamber, and vitreous body of rabbit eyes.
- Subconjunctival administration (50 mg) and anterior/vitreous administration (1.0-2.5 mg) were well tolerated.
- Highest methicillin concentrations were found in anterior chamber fluid one hour after subconjunctival injection, exceeding the minimum inhibitory concentration for Staph. aureus.
Impact:
- Subconjunctival methicillin administration demonstrates good tolerance and achieves therapeutic levels in ocular fluids.
- Results suggest potential for methicillin in treating ocular infections, particularly those caused by methicillin-susceptible Staph. aureus.
- Further research may explore methicillin's role in managing specific ophthalmic bacterial infections.