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Seizures decrease postnatal neurogenesis and granule cell development in the human fascia dentata.

Gary W Mathern1, James L Leiphart, Adelaine De Vera

  • 1Division of Neurosurgery, Reed Neurological Research Center, 710 Westwood Plaza, Room 2123, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769, USA. gmathern@ucla.edu

Epilepsia
|July 18, 2002
PubMed
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Childhood seizures harm brain development by reducing neurogenesis and altering axon connections, without causing direct neuron death. These findings suggest seizures impact neuronal development, potentially promoting epilepsy.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Childhood seizures' impact on neuronal development remains controversial.
  • Potential adverse effects include damage to existing neurons, impaired neurogenesis, and synaptogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of childhood seizures on neurogenesis, cell death, and axon formation in the hippocampus.
  • Examined hippocampi from children with extratemporal seizure foci.

Main Methods:

  • Studied surgically resected (n=53) and autopsy (n=22) hippocampi.
  • Assessed neuronal densities, polysialic acid (PSA) neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) immunoreactivity (IR), TUNEL staining for cell death, and neo-Timm's histochemistry for axon connections.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Children with frequent seizures exhibited decreased fascia dentata granule cell densities.
  • Reduced PSA NCAM IR cell densities observed in key hippocampal regions.
  • Aberrant supragranular mossy fiber axon connections were identified.
  • No evidence of seizure-induced neuronal cell death (TUNEL-negative).

Conclusions:

  • Severe childhood seizures are linked to reduced postnatal neurogenesis and abnormal axon connections.
  • Findings suggest seizures adversely affect neuronal development processes, not directly kill neurons.
  • These alterations may negatively impact brain development and promote epileptogenesis.