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A 3D unsteady flow analysis in a doubly constricted arterial vessel
B V Rathish Kumar1, T Yamaguchi, H Liu
1Advanced Computer Center, RIKEN, 2-1Hiro-sawa, Wako-shi, 351-0198, Japan.
Biorheology
|July 18, 2002
Summary
Two mild arterial constrictions increase pressure drop by nearly 50% and reduce downstream wall shear stress when spaced closely. This interaction impacts blood flow dynamics in diseased vessels.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Fluid Dynamics
- Cardiovascular Science
Background:
- Atherosclerosis involves arterial wall thickening, leading to stenoses.
- Stenotic lesions alter blood flow dynamics, affecting pressure and shear stress.
- Understanding the interaction of multiple stenoses is crucial for cardiovascular health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hemodynamic interaction between two mild atherosclerotic proliferations.
- To analyze the influence of inter-stenosis distance (S) on flow structure, pressure drop, and wall shear stress.
- To model pulsatile flow in a multi-constricted arterial segment.
Main Methods:
- Numerical simulation using a time-accurate, cell-centered finite volume method.
- Solving the 3D unsteady Navier-Stokes equations for pulsatile flow.
- Utilizing a conceptual model of a multiply constricted arterial vessel.
Main Results:
- A nearly 50% increase in late systolic and early diastolic pressure drops across two mild constrictions when S ≤ 4.
- Over 25% reduction in peak systolic wall shear stress (WSS) on the downstream constriction when S ≤ 4.
- Significant alterations in flow structure due to the interaction of closely spaced stenoses.
Conclusions:
- Closely spaced mild stenoses exhibit significant hemodynamic interactions.
- The distance between stenoses critically influences pressure drop and wall shear stress.
- Findings highlight the importance of considering multiple lesions in cardiovascular disease assessment.