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Related Experiment Videos

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Andy S Yu1, Emmet B Keeffe

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Liver Transplant Program, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.

Reviews in Gastroenterological Disorders
|July 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 20% of people and is linked to insulin resistance. Early trials suggest ursodeoxycholic acid and betaine may help treat this common liver condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), potentially leading to cirrhosis.
  • NAFLD affects approximately 20% of the population in the United States, with NASH occurring in 2% to 3%.
  • NAFLD is strongly associated with insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertriglyceridemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical spectrum, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of NAFLD.
  • To highlight the association between NAFLD and metabolic syndrome.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic agents for NAFLD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of NAFLD encompassing epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

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  • Emphasis on the role of insulin resistance in NAFLD development.
  • Discussion of diagnostic criteria, including the role of liver biopsy.

    • Main Results:

    • NAFLD is a prevalent liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction.
    • Hepatic fat accumulation and oxidative stress are key pathogenic mechanisms.
    • Ursodeoxycholic acid and betaine show promise in preliminary studies.

    Conclusions:

    • NAFLD management involves addressing underlying risk factors like insulin resistance.
    • While liver biopsy is crucial for diagnosis, it may not always be necessary for management.
    • Further research into hepatoprotective agents like ursodeoxycholic acid and betaine is warranted.