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Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in cerebrovascular disease: a case-control study.

K Luthra1, K Prasad, P Kumar

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Clinical Genetics
|July 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

The apolipoprotein E (apo E) epsilon4 allele was more frequent in Asian Indian stroke patients, but age and hypertension emerged as independent stroke risk factors. This study highlights key predictors for stroke development in this population.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The link between apolipoprotein E (apo E) gene polymorphism and stroke risk remains debated.
  • Limited research exists on apo E polymorphism in Asian Indian populations concerning cerebrovascular diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between apolipoprotein E (apo E) genotypes and stroke occurrence in Asian Indians.
  • To identify independent risk factors for stroke in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A blinded case-control study involving 120 subjects (63 stroke patients, 57 controls).
  • Analysis of apolipoprotein E (apo E) genotypes and lipid profiles.
  • Statistical analysis including multivariate and logistic regression.

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Main Results:

  • A significantly higher frequency of the apo E epsilon4 allele was found in stroke patients (30%) compared to controls (11%).
  • The epsilon4 allele initially showed a fourfold increased odds of stroke (OR 4.2).
  • After adjusting for covariates, age (OR 1.1) and hypertension (OR 15.1) were identified as independent predictors of stroke, while the epsilon4 association lost statistical significance.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first study to examine apo E gene polymorphism in relation to stroke among Asian Indians.
  • While the apo E epsilon4 allele may play a role, age and hypertension are significant independent risk factors for stroke in this population.
  • Triglycerides are also suggested as a predictor for stroke development.