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Related Concept Videos

Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C (97–99°F), remaining relatively stable...
Polar Coordinates01:24

Polar Coordinates

The polar coordinate system offers an alternative to the Cartesian coordinate system for specifying points in a plane, using a distance and an angle instead of x and y coordinates. This system is particularly advantageous in situations involving circular or rotational symmetry, such as in physics or engineering problems involving waves, oscillations, or orbital paths.Defining Polar CoordinatesIn polar coordinates, a point is represented as P(r, ��), where r is the radial distance from a fixed...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information
10:28

Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information

Published on: June 13, 2020

Recent temperature trends in the Antarctic.

John Turner1, John C King, Tom A Lachlan-Cope

  • 1British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK. j.turner@bas.ac.uk

Nature
|July 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Antarctic temperatures show regional variations, not uniform cooling. Extrapolating limited station data across the vast continent may misrepresent overall climate trends, impacting ice volume assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Climate science
  • Glaciology
  • Antarctic research

Background:

  • Understanding Antarctic temperature changes is crucial due to the vast freshwater reserves in its ice sheet.
  • Assessing the impact of temperature shifts on ice volume is vital for global sea-level rise predictions.

Discussion:

  • The study challenges findings by Doran et al. suggesting a net cooling trend across Antarctica from 1966 to 2000.
  • The critique focuses on the methodology, specifically the extrapolation of sparse station data over large, data-deficient regions.

Key Insights:

  • A net cooling trend across the entire Antarctic continent may be an artifact of data extrapolation methods.
  • Regional temperature variations, rather than continent-wide cooling, might characterize recent Antarctic climate shifts.
  • Accurate temperature data and appropriate analytical techniques are essential for reliable climate change assessments in polar regions.

Outlook:

  • Further research with more comprehensive data is needed to accurately determine Antarctic temperature trends.
  • Improved climate models incorporating regional data are necessary for better predictions of ice sheet behavior.
  • Refined methodologies for analyzing sparse polar data are critical for advancing climate science.