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Implicit learning in children with and without developmental coordination disorder.

Catherine Candler1, Harry Meeuwsen

  • 1Texas Woman's University, School of Occupational Therapy, Dallas 75231, USA. Ccandler@twu.edu

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
|July 20, 2002
PubMed
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Children with developmental coordination disorder implicitly learned to use visual cues for improved game performance, even without conscious awareness. This highlights the potential of implicit learning strategies in occupational therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Motor Control
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Implicit learning allows skill acquisition without conscious awareness of cues.
  • Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) affects motor skill development.
  • Understanding implicit learning in DCD is crucial for effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare implicit learning capabilities in children with and without DCD.
  • To investigate if children with DCD can utilize perceptual cues implicitly.
  • To assess the impact of implicit learning on motor task performance.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-two children (11 with DCD, 11 without) played a computer game requiring accurate ball catching.
  • A visual cue predicting ball direction was presented during training.

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  • Probe trials used false cues to assess cue utilization; post-task interviews gauged awareness.

    • Main Results:

    • Most children (16/22) were unaware of the visual cue.
    • Performance significantly decreased when the cue was false, indicating cue utilization (F(11.12, 22.49) = 27.27, p = .000).
    • No significant difference in overall game performance was observed between the DCD and control groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Children with DCD demonstrated implicit learning by using perceptual cues to enhance performance.
    • Implicit learning strategies may offer a valuable approach for occupational therapy interventions in DCD.
    • Further research into implicit learning mechanisms can inform therapeutic practices for motor disorders.