Novel and alternate SNP and genetic technologies

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Genetics
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Genotyping technologies are diverse, with many specialized methods available.
• Existing literature often focuses on specific areas like nanotechnology or bioinformatics.
• A comprehensive overview of less-covered genotyping techniques is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and categorize four distinct groups of genotyping technologies.
• To highlight methods not extensively covered in related special issues.
• To provide insights into emerging and novel genotyping approaches.

Main Methods:

• Melting curve-based technologies: dynamic allele-specific hybridization (DASH), melting curve single nucleotide polymorphism (McSNP), fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET), and homogeneous assays.
• Non-PCR-dependent assays: oligonucleotide ligation assay, Invader assay, and isothermal amplification (e.g., rolling circle amplification).
• Rapid whole genome sequencing: single molecule arrays and molecular resonance sequencing.

Main Results:

• Detailed descriptions of four categories of genotyping methods are presented.
• The review includes melting curve assays, non-PCR dependent assays, rapid whole genome sequencing, and other novel technologies.
• Specific examples within each category are discussed, such as DASH, McSNP, FRET, Invader, and rolling circle amplification.

Conclusions:

• This article provides a valuable overview of underrepresented genotyping technologies.
• The discussed methods offer diverse applications in genetic analysis and research.
• Emerging technologies promise advancements in the field of genotyping.